據烴加工網站5月21日消息 美國的交通量幾乎已恢復到疫情前的水平。隨著更多企業重新開業、國內休閑旅游恢復以及工人返回辦公室，汽油消費也趨于正常。
根據聯邦公路管理局2021年3月的數據，與兩年前同期相比，3月份所有道路的交通量下降了不到4%。
2020年4月，在疫情的第一波高峰時期，交通量下降了41%。2020年12月，在第二波高峰時期，交通量仍下降了11%。
隨著社會距離限制的放寬以及更多服務性企業和辦公室的重新開放，4月和5月的汽車使用量可能進一步增加。
更多的駕駛意味著更多的油耗。
在截至5月14日的四周內，供應給國內市場的汽油量僅下降了4%，為890萬桶/天，而疫情前的五年平均水平為930萬桶/天。
隨著更多員工重返辦公室和國內旅游業復蘇，第三季度剩余的駕駛和燃油短缺可能會被消除。
汽油消費的迅速正常化鼓勵了汽車燃料生產的強勁恢復，汽車燃料生產已接近疫情前的水平。
據美國能源信息署稱，與2015年至2019年的五年相比，煉油廠汽油產量僅下降了3%。
與駕車和消費赤字一樣，煉油廠的汽油產量也可能在夏季達到疫情前的水平。
在疫情的第一波期間積累的巨大盈余已經被吸收。煉油廠、罐區和管道中的庫存已恢復到疫情之前五年的平均水平。
受檢疫限制，飛機燃油消耗仍然受到嚴重影響，但在汽油市場，只要沒有感染的死灰復燃，疫情的影響似乎基本結束。
吳恒磊 編譯自 烴加工
原文如下：
U.S. gasoline consumption nears pre-pandemic level
U.S. traffic volumes have almost returned to pre-pandemic levels, helping normalise gasoline consumption as more businesses re-open, domestic leisure travel resumes and workers return to offices.
The volume of traffic on all roads was down by less than 4% in March compared with the same month two years ago, according to the Federal Highway Administration (“Traffic volume trends” FHWA, March 2021).
Traffic levels had been down 41% in April 2020 at the height of the first wave of the pandemic and were still down 11% as recently as December 2020 during the second wave.
Car use likely increased further in April and May as social-distancing restrictions were relaxed and more service businesses and offices re-opened.
More driving means more fuel consumption.
The volume of gasoline supplied to the domestic market, a proxy for consumption, was down by just 4% at 8.9 million barrels per day in the four weeks to May 14 compared with the pre-pandemic five-year average of 9.3 million b/d.
The remaining driving and fuel deficits are likely to be erased over the third quarter as more employees return to central offices and domestic tourism recovers.
The rapid normalisation of gasoline consumption has encouraged a strong resumption of motor fuel production, which is nearing pre-pandemic levels.
Refinery gasoline production is down by just 3% compared with the five years from 2015 to 2019, according to the Energy Information Administration (“Weekly petroleum status report”, EIA, May 19).
Like the driving and consumption deficits, refiners’ gasoline production is likely to reach pre-pandemic levels during the summer (https://tmsnrt.rs/2QBYsAA).
The enormous surplus that accumulated during the pandemic's first wave has been absorbed. Inventories held at refineries, tank farms and in pipelines are back in line with the pre-COVID five-year average.
Jet fuel consumption is still severely affected by quarantine restrictions. But in the gasoline market the impact of the pandemic appears largely over, provided there is no resurgence of infections.
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