???? 據能源之聲3月24日消息，澳大利亞著名油氣生產商桑托斯(Santos)授予了其在澳大利亞北部36億美元的巴羅薩LNG項目的最大合同，該項目將對達爾文LNG進行回填。這是一個強烈的信號，表明該計劃即將獲得最終批準。
????桑托斯今天表示，BW Offshore將建造、連接和運營浮式生產儲存和卸載(FPSO)船。該交易將取決于最終投資決定(FID)，預計將在幾周內完成。該交易標志著巴羅薩海上天然氣和凝析油項目的最大資本支出，該項目旨在回填老化的達爾文LNG出口終端。
????根據一項混合融資協議，合資公司巴羅薩將在預付約一半的資本成本的前提下租賃FPSO，并持有收購浮船的選擇權。桑托斯表示，這“實現了大約10億美元的總資本支出削減”。
????桑托斯首席執行官Kevin Gallagher表示:“資本支出的減少使巴羅薩成為世界上LNG供應成本最低的項目之一，并將為日益緊張的LNG市場提供新的供應。”
????去年12月，澳大利亞研究和咨詢公司EnergyQuest報告稱，去年年末該公司投資者日展示的一張圖表顯示(沒有點名競爭項目)，巴羅薩至達爾文LNG的成本將略低于PNG LNG項目，大大低于伍德賽德石油公司在西澳大利亞棕地項目的成本。
????該FPSO將在韓國和新加坡建造，然后被拖到該油田永久安裝，在那里它將處理天然氣，然后通過管道運輸到達爾文LNG終端。凝析油將儲存在FPSO上，用于定期卸載。
????一旦桑托斯運營的帝汶海Bayu-Undan油田的現有儲量枯竭，巴羅薩將為現有的桑托斯運營的達爾文LNG工廠提供下一個天然氣來源。
????Gallagher表示，FPSO合同的簽訂是基于過去六個月巴羅薩項目的發展勢頭，也是最終投資決策之前的最后一個里程碑。
????Gallagher補充道:“去年年底，我們宣布，通過達爾文收費的巴羅薩天然氣運輸和加工協議已經完成，我們還與日本三菱公司全資子公司Diamond gas International簽署了長期液化天然氣銷售協議。”
????桑托斯表示，巴羅薩項目的最終投資決策預計將在未來幾周內完成，首批天然氣計劃在2025年上半年投入使用。
????為了填補2025年之后的市場供應缺口，大洋洲的LNG開發商正在相互競爭，俄羅斯、卡塔爾和美國的低成本供應商也更有競爭力。盡管如此，巴羅薩看起來處于有利地位，因為桑托斯已經采取措施提高資本效率，預計向亞洲交付的英熱單位的盈虧平衡價格為5美元/百萬美元。
????桑托斯（62.5%）目前與合作伙伴SK E&S(37.5%)共同持有巴羅薩合資公司的運營權益。
????桑托斯將向達爾文LNG合作伙伴JERA出售巴羅薩12.5%的股份，并將向SK E&S出售Bayu-Undan和達爾文LNG 25%的股份，這是一項具有約束力的協議，取決于巴羅薩的最終投資決策。
????值得注意的是，巴羅薩的儲層含有16%至20%的二氧化碳，是澳大利亞的液化天然氣開發項目之一，任何關注氣候風險的投資者都會感到擔憂。作為全球最大的液化天然氣買家，日本正日益推動碳中和能源議程。這可能解釋了為什么桑托斯和Diamond Gas也簽署了一項協議，以共同考慮從巴羅薩獲得碳中和液化天然氣的機會。
????裘寅 編譯自 能源之聲
????原文如下：
????Santos hands out FPSO deal for $3.6bn Barossa LNG scheme
????Australia’s Santos has awarded the biggest contract tied to its $3.6 billion Barossa liquefied natural gas (LNG) project in northern Australia that will backfill Darwin LNG. This offers a strong signal that a final approval for the scheme is imminent.
????Santos said today that BW Offshore will build, connect and operate the floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel. The deal is subject to a final investment decision (FID), expected within weeks, and marks the largest capital expenditure component of the $3.6 billion Barossa offshore gas and condensate project designed to backfill the ageing Darwin LNG export terminal.
????Under a hybrid financing agreement, the Barossa joint venture will lease the FPSO following an upfront prepayment of around half the capital cost and hold an option to buy-out the floater. This “achieves an overall reduction of approximately $1 billion in capital expenditure,” said Santos.
????“This reduction in capital expenditure makes Barossa one of the lowest cost of supply projects in the world for LNG and will provide new supply into a tightening LNG market,” said Santos chief executive Kevin Gallagher.
????A chart shown at the company’s investor day late last year suggested, without naming competing projects, that Barossa-to-Darwin LNG would be slightly lower cost than PNG LNG and significantly below Woodside Petroleum’s brownfield projects in Western Australia, Australian research and consultancy firm EnergyQuest reported last December.
????The FPSO will be built in South Korea and Singapore before being towed and permanently located at the field, where it will process natural gas prior to its transport via pipeline to Darwin LNG. Condensate will be stored on the FPSO for periodic offloading.
????Barossa will provide the next source of gas for the existing Santos-operated Darwin LNG plant once current reserves from the Santos-operated Bayu-Undan field in the Timor Sea have been depleted.
????Gallagher said the award of the FPSO contract builds on the momentum of the Barossa project over the past six months and is the final milestone ahead of FID.
????“At the end of last year, we announced that transport and processing agreements had been finalised for Barossa gas to be tolled through Darwin LNG and we signed a long-term LNG sales agreement with Diamond Gas International, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Japan’s Mitsubishi Corporation,” added Gallagher.
????FID on the Barossa project is expected in the coming weeks with first gas targeted for the first half of 2025, said Santos.
????LNG developers in Australasia are racing against each other, as well as more competitive low-cost suppliers in Russia, Qatar and the U.S., to fill a projected market supply gap post 2025. Still, Barossa looks well positioned, as Santos has taken steps to boost the capital efficiency with an estimated breakeven price of $5/million British thermal units delivered to Asia.
????Santos currently holds a 62.5% operated interest in the Barossa joint venture along with partner SK E&S (37.5 per cent).
????Santos is finalising an agreement to sell a 12.5% stake in Barossa to Darwin LNG partner JERA and has a binding agreement to sell 25% interests in Bayu-Undan and Darwin LNG to SK E&S, subject to FID on Barossa.
????Significantly, Barossa’s reservoir, with 16% to 20% carbon dioxide, makes it one of Australia’s? LNG developments, and would concern any investor focused on climate risks. Japan, the world’s top LNG buyer, is increasingly pushing a carbon neutral energy agenda. This likely explains why Santos and Diamond Gas, have also signed an agreement to jointly consider opportunities for carbon neutral LNG from Barossa.
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