據(jù)今日石油網(wǎng)站2023年6月29日?qǐng)?bào)道，總部位于英國(guó)的能源研究所匯編的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，盡管疫情結(jié)束后可再生能源的增長(zhǎng)率持續(xù)突破歷史最高水平，但化石燃料仍在滿足全球80%以上的能源需求。

能源研究所在其《世界能源統(tǒng)計(jì)評(píng)論》中表示，全球一次性能源消費(fèi)增長(zhǎng)了1%，2022年全球石油日消費(fèi)量增長(zhǎng)近300萬(wàn)桶，達(dá)到9730萬(wàn)桶，比2019年的水平低0.7%。化石燃料與天然氣和煤炭一起，占全球能源結(jié)構(gòu)的82%。

能源研究所表示，如果亞洲大國(guó)需求恢復(fù)與世界其他地區(qū)一致，這個(gè)國(guó)家的石油日需求量將增加100萬(wàn)桶，化石燃料在全球能源結(jié)構(gòu)中的占比將升至83%。

根據(jù)之前的年度評(píng)估，2021年化石燃料占一次性能源消費(fèi)的82%，低于2019年的83%和5年前的85%。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，去年石油在全球能源結(jié)構(gòu)中的份額約為33%，但在1973年達(dá)到50%的峰值后，過(guò)去40年一直在穩(wěn)步下降。

去年，全球天然氣需求量下降3%。今年，其在一次性能源消費(fèi)中所占的份額略有下降至24%。但煤炭需求量繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，2021年增長(zhǎng)0.6%，至161艾焦（Ej）；根據(jù)能源研究所的數(shù)據(jù)，這是自2014年以來(lái)的最高煤炭消費(fèi)水平。

盡管可再生能源的增長(zhǎng)率創(chuàng)歷史最高水平，但化石燃料在能源結(jié)構(gòu)中的彈性依然存在。在歐洲，天然氣和煤炭消費(fèi)量也有所增加，以填補(bǔ)德國(guó)和法國(guó)核電產(chǎn)量下降帶來(lái)的缺口。能源研究所說(shuō)，去年風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能的新增裝機(jī)容量增幅創(chuàng)歷史新高，它們?cè)诎l(fā)電總量中所占的份額達(dá)到歷史最高水平的12%，其中太陽(yáng)能和風(fēng)能分別增長(zhǎng)25%和13.5%。

能源研究所表示，盡管起點(diǎn)較低，而且遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于實(shí)現(xiàn)《巴黎協(xié)定》氣候目標(biāo)所需的大多數(shù)清潔能源水平的預(yù)測(cè)，但可再生能源的增長(zhǎng)仍然強(qiáng)勁。

李峻 譯自 今日石油網(wǎng)站

原文如下：

Renewables surge but fossil fuels still dominating global energy industry

Fossil fuels continue to meet more than 80% of the world’s energy needs despite a continued record growth rate of renewable energy in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, according to data compiled by the UK-based Energy Institute.

Global primary energy consumption grew by 1%, with global oil consumption rising almost 3 million b/d to 97.3 million b/d in 2022, 0.7% below 2019 levels, the Institute said in its Statistical Review of World Energy. Together with gas and coal, fossil fuels made up 82% of the global energy mix.

Had the biggest country's demand recovered in line with the rest of the world, oil demand in the world’s biggest import market would have been 1 million b/d higher, the Institute said, pushing fossil fuels to 83% of the global mix.

Fossil fuels accounted for 82% of primary energy in 2021, according to the previous annual review, down from 83% in 2019 and 85% five years ago. Oil’s share of the global energy mix was around 33% last year although it has been falling steadily over the past four decades after hitting a peak of 50% in 1973, according to the data.

In 2022, global natural gas demand declined by 3%. Its share in primary energy in 2022 decreased slightly to 24%. But coal demand continued to grow, rising 0.6% on 2021 to 161 exajoules (Ej)；the highest level of coal consumption since 2014, according to the Energy Institute. 

Fossil fuel resilience in the energy mix comes despite record growth rates for renewable energy. In Europe, gas and coal consumption also saw a boost to fill the gap from lower nuclear power output in Germany and France. Last year saw the largest-ever increase in wind and solar new build capacity, the Institute said, noting that, together, they reached a record 12% share of power generation, with solar up 25% and wind up 13.5%.

Although starting from a low base and running well behind most projections for clean energy levels needed to meet the Paris Agreement climate targets, the growth of renewable energy remained robust, the Institute said.